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A diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis may be suspected in anyone who has sustained trauma, crush injury or prolonged immobilization, but it may also be identified at a later stage due to deteriorating kidney function (abnormally raised or increasing creatinine and urea levels, falling urine output) or reddish-brown discoloration of the urine. [4] [11]
The signs and symptoms of abnormal urine color are shown as follows: Unexplained urine color other than straw-yellow has continued for a long time. [1] Once observe blood in urine. [1] Clear, dark-brown urine. [1] Risk factors of clinical abnormal urine color include elderly age, strenuous exercise, and family history of related diagnosis. [2]
Under ideal situations myoglobin will be filtered and excreted with the urine, but if too much myoglobin is released into the circulation or in case of kidney problems, it can occlude the kidneys' filtration system leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute kidney injury. Other causes of myoglobinuria include: McArdle's disease
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a medical condition involving the death of tubular epithelial cells that form the renal tubules of the kidneys.Because necrosis is often not present, the term acute tubular injury (ATI) is preferred by pathologists over the older name acute tubular necrosis (ATN). [1]
IV iron infusion is a method of delivering a mixed solution of iron and saline from a drip through a needle directly into the vein and bloodstream. [14] The procedure takes place in a medical clinic and may take several hours depending on the iron preparation that has been prescribed.
Orange urine due to certain medications such as rifampin and phenazopyridine; Dark orange to brown urine can be a symptom of jaundice, rhabdomyolysis, or Gilbert's syndrome. Greenish urine can result from the consumption of asparagus or foods, [citation needed] beverages with green pigments, or from a urinary tract infection. [8]
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Deferiprone, sold under the brand name Ferriprox among others, is a medication that chelates iron and is used to treat iron overload in thalassaemia major. [5] It was first approved and indicated for use in treating thalassaemia major in 1994 [6] and had been licensed for use in the European Union for many years while awaiting approval in Canada and in the United States. [5]