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  2. Subjective refraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_refraction

    The cylinder power is refined by superimposing the 0.50JCC over the correcting cylinder axis in the trial frames. The patient is asked to indicate whether it is clearer with or without the lens. Dioptric changes are then made in 0.25 increments in order refine cylindrical correction.

  3. Vertex distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_distance

    Vertex distance is the distance between the back surface of a corrective lens, i.e. glasses (spectacles) or contact lenses, and the front of the cornea. Increasing or decreasing the vertex distance changes the optical properties of the system, by moving the focal point forward or backward, effectively changing the power of the lens relative to ...

  4. Eyeglass prescription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyeglass_prescription

    A spherical lens has the same curvature in every direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Spherical lenses are adequate correction when a person has no astigmatism. To correct for astigmatism, the "cylinder" and "axis" components specify how a particular lens is different from a lens composed of purely spherical surfaces.

  5. Autorefractor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorefractor

    By measuring this zone, the autorefractor can determine when a patient's eye properly focuses an image. The instrument changes its magnification until the image comes into focus. The process is repeated in at least three meridians of the eye and the autorefractor calculates the refraction of the eye, sphere, cylinder and axis.

  6. Lensmeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lensmeter

    The parameters appraised by a lensmeter are the values specified by an ophthalmologist or optometrist on the patient's prescription: sphere, cylinder, axis, add, and in some cases, prism. The lensmeter is also used to check the accuracy of progressive lenses , and is often capable of marking the lens center and various other measurements ...

  7. Corrective lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrective_lens

    Reducing frame lens size will give the most noticeable improvement in weight for a given material. Ways to reduce the weight and thickness of corrective lenses, in approximate order of importance are these: Choose glasses frames with small lenses; that is to say so that the longest measurement across the lens at any angle is as short as possible.

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