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On its own, an arbitrary code execution exploit will give the attacker the same privileges as the target process that is vulnerable. [11] For example, if exploiting a flaw in a web browser, an attacker could act as the user, performing actions such as modifying personal computer files or accessing banking information, but would not be able to perform system-level actions (unless the user in ...
The concept of a code cave is often employed by hackers and reverse engineers to execute arbitrary code in a compiled program. It can be a helpful method to make modifications to a compiled program in the example of including additional dialog boxes, variable modifications or even the removal of software key validation checks.
The rise of 64-bit x86 processors brought with it a change to the subroutine calling convention that required the first few arguments to a function to be passed in registers instead of on the stack. This meant that an attacker could no longer set up a library function call with desired arguments just by manipulating the call stack via a buffer ...
Code injection is the malicious injection or introduction of code into an application. Some web servers have a guestbook script, which accepts small messages from users and typically receives messages such as: Very nice site! However, a malicious person may know of a code injection vulnerability in the guestbook and enter a message such as:
In computer programming, DLL injection is a technique used for running code within the address space of another process by forcing it to load a dynamic-link library. [1] DLL injection is often used by external programs to influence the behavior of another program in a way its authors did not anticipate or intend.
This injection will allow the attacker to overwrite the globalUrlConfig variable with a reference to the anchor element, which in turn overwrites the url variable and subsequently the scriptElem.src parameter, (due to the fact that url.href now refers to the href parameter of the anchor element) leading to arbitrary code execution.
Exploits often use specific bytes to spray the heap, as the data stored on the heap serves multiple roles. During exploitation of a security issue, the application code can often be made to read an address from an arbitrary location in memory. This address is then used by the code as the address of a function to execute.
Another classification is by the action against the vulnerable system; unauthorized data access, arbitrary code execution, and denial of service are examples. Exploitations are commonly categorized and named [ 9 ] [ 10 ] by the type of vulnerability they exploit (see vulnerabilities for a list) [ clarification needed ] , whether they are local ...