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Italian grammar is the body of rules describing the properties of the Italian language. Italian words can be divided into the following lexical categories : articles, nouns, adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.
Italian uses two verbs (essere and venire) to translate the static and the dynamic passive: Dynamic passive auxiliary verb: essere and venire (to be and to come) La porta è aperta. or La porta viene aperta. "The door is opened [by someone]" or "The door comes open [by someone]". La porta è chiusa. or La porta viene chiusa.
Italian verbs have a high degree of inflection, the majority of which follows one of three common patterns of conjugation. Italian conjugation is affected by mood, person, tense, number, aspect and occasionally gender. The three classes of verbs (patterns of conjugation) are distinguished by the endings of the infinitive form of the verb:
That behavior is not confined to verbs; note for example Spanish viento ' wind ' from Latin ventum, or Italian fuoco ' fire ' from Latin focum. There are also examples in French, though they are less systematic : viens from Latin venio where the first syllable was stressed, vs venir from Latin venire where the main stress was on the penultimate ...
The following is a list of commonly used calque phrases/expressions.All of these are exact translations of the corresponding English phrases. Simha bhagam (സിംഹ ഭാഗം) lion's share Varikalkidayil vaayikuka (വരികള്ക്കിടയില് വായിക്കുക) reading between the lines
For example, in French, J'ai vu or Italian ho visto 'I have seen' vs. Je suis tombé, sono caduto 'I have (lit. am) fallen'. Note, however, the difference between French and Italian in the choice of auxiliary for the verb 'be' itself: Fr. J'ai été 'I have been' with 'have', but Italian sono stato with 'be'. In Southern Italian languages the ...
French verbs are conjugated by isolating the stem of the verb and adding an ending. In the first and second conjugation, the stem is easily identifiable from the infinitive, and remains essentially constant throughout the paradigm. For example, the stem of parler ("speak") is parl-and the stem of finir ("finish") is fin-. In the third group ...
The subject "(s)he" of the second sentence is only implied in Italian. English and French, on the other hand, require an explicit subject in this sentence.. Of the thousands of languages in the world, a considerable number are null-subject languages, from a wide diversity of unrelated language families.