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Irving Langmuir coined the phrase pathological science in a talk in 1953.. Pathological science, as defined by Langmuir, is a psychological process in which a scientist, originally conforming to the scientific method, unconsciously veers from that method, and begins a pathological process of wishful data interpretation (see the observer-expectancy effect and cognitive bias).
Irving Langmuir (/ ˈ l æ ŋ m j ʊər /; [2] January 31, 1881 – August 16, 1957) was an American chemist, physicist, and engineer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1932 for his work in surface chemistry .
The Irving Langmuir Prize in Chemical Physics is awarded annually to US residents, in even years by the American Chemical Society and in odd years by the American Physical Society. The award was established in 1931 to recognize and encourage outstanding interdisciplinary research in chemistry and physics, in the spirit of Nobel Prize-winning ...
Irving Langmuir, recipient of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry [4] John M. Pierce, teacher and amateur astronomer; Sports. Pelle Petterson, Olympic medalist for ...
Irving Langmuir Hannes Alfvén [149] Langmuir first described ionised gas as plasma and observed fundamental plasma vibrations, Langmuir waves. Alfvén pioneered the theoretical description of plasma by developing magnetohydrodynamics. Quantum mechanics: Max Planck [150] Stated that electromagnetic energy could be emitted only in quantized form ...
The Irving Langmuir Prize in Chemical Physics is awarded annually, in even years by the American Chemical Society and in odd years by the American Physical Society. The award is meant to recognize and encourage outstanding interdisciplinary research in chemistry and physics, in the spirit of Irving Langmuir. A nominee must have made an ...
Measurements with electric probes, called Langmuir probes, are the oldest and most often used procedures for low-temperature plasmas.The method was developed by Irving Langmuir and his co-workers in the 1920s, and has since been further developed in order to extend its applicability to more general conditions than those presumed by Langmuir.
The Langmuir-Rideal mechanism is often, incorrectly, attributed to Dan Eley as the Eley-Rideal mechanism. [5] The actual Eley-Rideal mechanism, studied in the thesis of Dan Eley and proposed by Eric Rideal in 1939, was the reaction between a chemisorbed and a physisorbed molecule. [ 6 ]