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  2. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

    Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).

  3. Atrioventricular septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect

    Ultrasound showing a complete atrioventricular septal defect AVSDs can be detected by cardiac auscultation ; they cause atypical murmurs and loud heart tones. Confirmation of findings from cardiac auscultation can be obtained with a cardiac ultrasound ( echocardiography - less invasive) and cardiac catheterization (more invasive).

  4. Ostium primum atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostium_primum_atrial...

    The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.

  5. Transthoracic echocardiogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transthoracic_echocardiogram

    The bubbles are initially detected in the right atrium and right ventricle. If bubbles appear in the left heart, it may indicate a shunt, such as a patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect or arteriovenous malformations in the lungs. [2] If a doctor deems it necessary, a stress TTE may be performed.

  6. Transesophageal echocardiogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transesophageal_echocardiogram

    Evaluation for patent foramen ovale and atrial septal defect after a stroke, and insertion of a PFO/ASD plug; Monitoring during a procedure to cross the interatrial septum safely without poking the needle through an undesired structure; During cardiothoracic surgery for numerous procedures including immediately before and after replacement of a ...

  7. Ebstein's anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebstein's_anomaly

    Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect in which the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced downwards towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart. [1] EA has great anatomical heterogeneity that generates a wide spectrum of clinical features at presentation and is complicated by the fact that the ...

  8. Transposition of the great vessels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition_of_the_great...

    Symptoms may appear at birth or after birth. The severity of symptoms depends on the type of TGV, and the type and size of other heart defects that may be present (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus). Most babies with TGA have blue skin color (cyanosis) in the first hours or days of their lives, since ...

  9. Relative Atrial Index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_Atrial_Index

    The RAI rapidly normalizes within 24 hours of percutaneous closure [3] of atrial septal defects. [4] Secondary validation studies have confirmed the data in discrete patient populations. [ 5 ] This parameter has been shown to predict long-term survival after acute pulmonary embolism.

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