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  2. Gram stain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_stain

    A Gram stain of mixed Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 25923, gram-positive cocci, in purple) and Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11775, gram-negative bacilli, in red), the most common Gram stain reference bacteria. Gram stain (Gram staining or Gram's method), is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups ...

  3. Differential staining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_staining

    Differential staining is a staining process which uses more than one chemical stain. [1] Using multiple stains can better differentiate between different microorganisms or structures/cellular components of a single organism. Differential staining is used to detect abnormalities in the proportion of different white blood cells in the blood.

  4. Gram-positive bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-positive_bacteria

    The Gram stain is used by microbiologists to place bacteria into two main categories, Gram-positive (+) and Gram-negative (-). Gram-positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan within the cell wall, and Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer of peptidoglycan. Gram-positive bacteria take up the crystal violet stain used in the test ...

  5. Group A streptococcal infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_A_streptococcal...

    A Gram stain is performed to show Gram-positive cocci in chains. Then, the organism is cultured on blood agar . The rapid pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) test is commonly used, wherein a positive reaction confers a presumptive identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci if the appearance and clinical context is consistent.

  6. Group B streptococcal infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_B_streptococcal...

    GBS it is also an important pathogen in a diversity of fish species, leading to serious economic losses in many species of fish worldwide. GBS causes severe epidemics in farmed fish, causing sepsis and external and internal hemorrhages. GBS infection has been reported from wild and captive fish and has been involved in epizootics in many countries.

  7. Streptobacillus moniliformis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptobacillus_moniliformis

    Once a bottle shows signs of organism growth and detection, a Gram stain should be performed followed by inoculation of blood onto rabbit or sheep blood agar and brain heart infusion broth and incubated aerobically at 35 °C, 35–37 °C, or 5% CO 2 enriched (microaerophilic) environment for a minimum of 3–4 days.

  8. Hutham S. Olayan - Pay Pals - The Huffington Post

    data.huffingtonpost.com/paypals/hutham-s-olayan

    From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Hutham S. Olayan joined the board, and sold them when she left, you would have a -63.9 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.

  9. Blood culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_culture

    Blood is normally sterile. [1] The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed bacteremia, and the presence of fungi is called fungemia. [2] Minor damage to the skin [3] or mucous membranes, which can occur in situations like toothbrushing or defecation, [4] [5] can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, but this bacteremia is normally transient and is rarely detected in cultures because the ...