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Antisialagogues are drugs or substances that decrease the flow rate of saliva and their effect is opposite to that of sialagogues. [1] Their origin may be both natural and synthetic. Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects, and most produce some level of sedation, both being advantageous in surgical procedures. [2]
It has also been defined as increased amount of saliva in the mouth, which may also be caused by decreased clearance of saliva. [ 4 ] Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there is an inability to keep the mouth closed or difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) the excess saliva, which can lead to excessive spitting.
Metoprolol, sold under the brand name Lopressor among others, is a medication used to treat angina and a number of conditions involving an abnormally fast heart rate. [4] It is also used to prevent further heart problems after myocardial infarction and to prevent headaches in those with migraines. [4] It is a selective β 1 receptor blocker ...
Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate more closely correlates with symptoms of xerostomia than stimulated salivary flow rate. [1] Sialography involves introduction of radio-opaque dye such as iodine into the duct of a salivary gland. [1] It may show blockage of a duct due to a calculus. Salivary scintiscanning using technetium is rarely used.
Xerostomia, or a decrease in saliva flow, can be a side effect of many drugs, which, in turn, can lead to the development of taste disturbances such as dysgeusia. [39] Patients can lessen the effects of xerostomia with breath mints, sugarless gum, or lozenges; or physicians can increase saliva flow with artificial saliva or oral pilocarpine. [39]
Salivary stones (sialolith) may be evident with cystic dilation of the salivary ducts and periductal fibrosis. Mucus extravasation may also be observed. Common observations of chronic sialadenitis include chronic inflammatory infiltrate (lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages), fibrosis, acinar atrophy, and mucous cell metaplasia of the ...
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The Justice Department late on Wednesday asked a U.S. appeals court to reject an emergency bid by TikTok to temporarily block a law that would require its Chinese parent ...
Cotinine has an in vivo half-life of approximately 20 hours, and is typically detectable for several days (up to one week) after the use of tobacco. The level of cotinine in the blood, saliva, and urine is proportionate to the amount of exposure to tobacco smoke, so it is a valuable indicator of tobacco smoke exposure, including secondary (passive) smoke. [14]