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The irises of human eyes exhibit a wide spectrum of colours. Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris [1] [2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.
The original Martin scale, summarized below, consists of 16 colors (from light blue to dark brown-black) that correspond to the different eye colors observed in nature due to the amount of melanin in the iris. The numbering is reversed in order to match the Martin–Schultz scale, which is still used in biological anthropology. In this case ...
Martin-Schultz scale. The Martin–Schultz scale is a standard color scale commonly used in physical anthropology to establish more or less precisely the eye color of an individual; it was created by the anthropologists Rudolf Martin and Bruno K Schultz in the first half of the 20th century.
Eye color is determined by the amount and distribution of melanin in the iris of the eye, in addition to the genes we inherit from our parents. With most eye colors, the amount of melanin is ...
Melanin is the protein that creates skin, eye and hair color. More melanin means darker eyes, hair or skin. The color of the melanin in the eyes is determined by three other genes, EYCL1, 2 and 3 ...
With brown eyes taking an overwhelming lead, all of the other eye colors have lower percentages. According to WorldAtlas , 8-10 percent of the world's population have blue eyes.
Eye color, specifically the color of the irises, is determined primarily by the concentration and distribution of melanin. Although the processes determining eye color are not fully understood, it is known that inherited eye color is determined by multiple genes. Environmental or acquired factors can alter these inherited traits. [7]
Human eye pigmentation in Europe Among human phenotypes, blue-green-gray eyes are a relatively rare [citation needed] eye color and the exact color is often perceived to vary according to its surroundings. The iris is usually strongly pigmented, with the color typically ranging between brown, hazel, green, gray, and blue.