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Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminum alloys. [1] A solution called pickle liquor , which usually contains acid , is used to remove the surface impurities.
Rust converters are chemical solutions or primers that can be applied directly to an iron or iron alloy surface to convert iron oxides into a protective chemical barrier. These compounds interact with iron oxides, especially iron(III) oxide , converting them into an adherent black layer ( black oxide ) that is more resistant to moisture and ...
Oxalic acid has much greater acid strength than acetic acid. It is a reducing agent [9] and its conjugate bases hydrogen oxalate (HC 2 O − 4) and oxalate (C 2 O 2− 4) are chelating agents for metal cations. It is used as a cleaning agent, especially for the removal of rust, because it forms a water-soluble ferric iron complex, the ...
Common mistakes people make when removing rust include using chemicals that are too harsh, like hydrochloric acid and chlorine bleach, and not thoroughly cleaning and drying the metal surface ...
Sulfuric acid is used in steelmaking and other metallurgical industries as a pickling agent for removal of rust and fouling. [35] Used acid is often recycled using a spent acid regeneration (SAR) plant. These plants combust spent acid [clarification needed] with natural gas, refinery gas, fuel oil or other fuel sources.
It is frequently used for removing rust and limescale, replacing the more volatile and irritating hydrochloric acid, which is cheaper. It is often a component of household descalant, for example, Lime-A-Way Thick Gel contains up to 8% sulfamic acid and has pH 2.0–2.2, [ 12 ] or detergents used for removal of limescale .
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