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OBD-II PIDs (On-board diagnostics Parameter IDs) are codes used to request data from a vehicle, used as a diagnostic tool.. SAE standard J1979 defines many OBD-II PIDs. All on-road vehicles and trucks sold in North America are required to support a subset of these codes, primarily for state mandated emissions inspections.
OBD-II diagnostic trouble codes [51] [52] are five characters long, with the first letter indicating a category, and the remaining four being a hexadecimal number. [ 53 ] The first character, representing category can only be one of the following four letters, given here with their associated meanings.
However, once water boils, it is an insulator, leading to a sudden loss of cooling where steam bubbles form. Steam may return to water as it mixes with other coolant, so an engine temperature gauge can indicate an acceptable temperature even though local temperatures are high enough that damage is being done. An engine needs different temperatures.
Once the coolant reaches the thermostat's activation temperature, it opens, allowing water to flow through the radiator to prevent the temperature from rising higher. Once at optimum temperature, the thermostat controls the flow of engine coolant to the radiator so that the engine continues to operate at optimum temperature.
A federal judge in New York on Friday denied former New Jersey Sen. Robert Menendez's bid for a new trial. "The jury's guilty verdicts were readily supported by the extensive witness testimony and ...
Retirement savings plans like IRAs and 401(k)s are often promoted as key tools for securing financial stability in retirement. However, new findings from the Employee Benefit Research Institute ...
Bethenny Frankel is debuting her new man!. On Saturday, Nov. 23, the Real Housewives of New York alum, 54, went Instagram official with her new boyfriend Tom Villante as she posted a video of him ...
Oil has a higher boiling point than water, so it can be used to cool items at a temperature of 100 °C or higher. However, pressurised water-cooling may also exceed 100 °C. Oil is an electrical insulator, thus it can be used inside of or in direct contact with electrical equipment such as in transformers.