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  2. Carcinogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis

    Cancers and tumors are caused by a series of mutations. Each mutation alters the behavior of the cell somewhat. Carcinogenesis, also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

  3. Causes of cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_cancer

    Hereditary cancers are primarily caused by an inherited genetic defect. A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes ...

  4. Mutagen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagen

    Other carcinogens may cause cancer through a variety of mechanisms without producing mutations, such as tumour promotion, immunosuppression that reduces the ability to fight cancer cells or pathogens that can cause cancer, disruption of the endocrine system (e.g. in breast cancer), tissue-specific toxicity, and inflammation (e.g. in colorectal ...

  5. Mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis

    DNA may be modified, either naturally or artificially, by a number of physical, chemical and biological agents, resulting in mutations. Hermann Muller found that "high temperatures" have the ability to mutate genes in the early 1920s, [2] and in 1927, demonstrated a causal link to mutation upon experimenting with an x-ray machine, noting phylogenetic changes when irradiating fruit flies with ...

  6. Cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer

    Further, poverty could be considered as an indirect risk factor in human cancers. [132] Not all environmental causes are controllable, such as naturally occurring background radiation and cancers caused through hereditary genetic disorders and thus are not preventable via personal behavior.

  7. Clonally transmissible cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonally_transmissible_cancer

    A transmissible cancer is a cancer cell or cluster of cancer cells that can be transferred between individuals without the involvement of an infectious agent, such as an oncovirus. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The evolution of transmissible cancer has occurred naturally in other animal species, but human cancer transmission is rare. [ 2 ]

  8. Diet rich in whole plant foods and fish may keep colon cancer ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/diet-rich-whole-plant...

    A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, legumes, and dairy may help lower the risk of gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer, recent research suggests.

  9. Mutational signatures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutational_signatures

    Subsequently, they applied this framework to more than seven thousand cancer genomes creating the first comprehensive map of mutational signatures in human cancer. [32] Currently, more than one hundred mutational signatures have been identified across the repertoire of human cancer. [33] In April 2022 58 new mutational signatures were described.