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Reduced affect display, sometimes referred to as emotional blunting or emotional numbing, is a condition of reduced emotional reactivity in an individual. It manifests as a failure to express feelings either verbally or nonverbally, especially when talking about issues that would normally be expected to engage emotions.
Simple-type schizophrenia is a sub-type of schizophrenia included in the International Classification of Diseases , [1] in which it is classified as a mental and behaviour disorder. [2] It is not included in the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM-5 ) or the upcoming ICD-11 , [ 3 ] effective 1 January 2022. [ 4 ]
Delusions and hallucinations are present but thought disorder, disorganized behavior, and affective flattening are not prominent. Paranoid type (295.3) Hebephrenic (F20.1) Thought disorder and flat affect are present together. Disorganized type (295.1) Catatonic (F20.2) Psychomotor disturbances are dominant features.
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale that mental health professionals use to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia.Negative symptoms are those conspicuous by their absence—lack of concern for one's appearance, and lack of language and communication skills, for example.
A multitude of terms have been used to refer to DDM of varying severities and varieties, including apathy, abulia, akinetic mutism, athymhormia, avolition, amotivation, anhedonia, psychomotor retardation, affective flattening, akrasia, and psychic akinesia (auto-activation deficit or loss of psychic self-activation), among others.
Flat being the most severe in where there is very little to absolutely no show of emotions. Restricted and blunted are, respectively, less severe. Disorders involving these reduced affect displays most commonly include schizophrenia, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, autism and persons with traumatic brain injuries. [20]
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