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These highly public official duties for women contradict the commonplace notion that women in ancient Rome took part only in private or domestic religion. The dual male-female priesthoods may reflect the Roman tendency to seek a gender complement within the religious sphere; [ 147 ] most divine powers are represented by both a male and a female ...
A freeborn woman with three children and a freedwoman with four children (jus trium vel quattuor liberorum) were freed from guardianship to which women were subject (tutela mulierum) and had a right of succession to the inheritance of their children. The women’s jus liberorum was applied even when the children were no longer alive. [16]
The laws of ancient Rome law, like the laws of ancient Athens law, profoundly disfavored women. [33] Roman citizenship was tiered, and women could hold a form of second-class citizenship with certain limited legal privileges and protections unavailable to non-citizens , freedmen, or slaves , but not on par with men.
Valeria, the name of the women of the Valeria gens. Valeria, first priestess of Fortuna Muliebris in 488 BC [1]; Aemilia Tertia (с. 230 – 163 or 162 BC), wife of Scipio Africanus and mother of Cornelia (see below), noted for the unusual freedom given her by her husband, her enjoyment of luxuries, and her influence as role model for elite Roman women after the Second Punic War.
Marriage in ancient Rome (conubium) was a fundamental institution of society and was used by Romans primarily as a tool for interfamilial alliances. The institution of Roman marriage was a practice of marital monogamy : Roman citizens could have only one spouse at a time in marriage but were allowed to divorce and remarry.
Perhaps the most notorious incident of cross-dressing in ancient Rome occurred in 62 BC, when Clodius Pulcher intruded on annual rites of the Bona Dea that were restricted to women only. The rites were held at a senior magistrate 's home, in this year that of Julius Caesar, nearing the end of his term as praetor and only recently invested as ...
Free-born women in ancient Rome were citizens , but could not vote or hold political office. Women were under exclusive control of their pater familias, which was either their father, husband, or sometimes their eldest brother. [2] Women, and their children, took on the social status of their pater familias.
The Lex Oppia was a law established in ancient Rome in 215 BC, at the height of the Second Punic War during the days of national catastrophe after the Battle of Cannae, [1] and repealed in 195 BC.