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2. Quartz - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

   Because natural quartz is often twinned, synthetic quartz is produced for use in industry. Large, flawless, single crystals are synthesized in an autoclave via the hydrothermal process. [74] [22] [75] Like other crystals, quartz may be coated with metal vapors to give it an attractive sheen. [76] [77]

3. Charoite - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charoite

   Charoite is translucent lavender to purple in color with a pearly luster. Charoite is strictly massive in nature, and fractures are conchoidal.It has an unusual swirling, fibrous appearance, sometimes chatoyant, and that, along with its intense color, can lead many to believe at first that it is synthetic or enhanced artificially.

4. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

   Metal-coated crystals hyped as rainbow quartz; Lab spinel; Synthetic turquoise; Terbium gallium garnet; ... Synthetic opal; Metal-coated crystals hyped as rainbow quartz;

5. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   Types of synthetic quartz include citrine, rose quartz, and amethyst. Natural occurring quartz is not rare, but is nevertheless synthetically produced as it has practical application outside of aesthetic purposes. Quartz generates an electric current when under pressure and is used in watches, clocks, and oscillators. [62]

6. Hydrothermal synthesis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermal_synthesis

   Synthetic quartz crystals produced in an autoclave at Western Electric's pilot hydrothermal quartz plant (1959) . The first report of the hydrothermal growth of crystals [4] was by German geologist Karl Emil von Schafhäutl (1803–1890) in 1845: he grew microscopic quartz crystals in a pressure cooker. [5]

7. Chalcedony - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalcedony

   Chalcedony (/ k æ l ˈ s ɛ d ə n i / kal-SED-ə-nee or / ˈ k æ l s ə ˌ d oʊ n i / KAL-sə-doh-nee) [2] is a cryptocrystalline form of silica, composed of very fine intergrowths of quartz and moganite. [3] These are both silica minerals, but they differ in that quartz has a trigonal crystal structure, while moganite is monoclinic.

8. Gemstone irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone_irradiation

   Quartz crystals turn "smoky" or light gray upon irradiation if they contain an aluminum impurity, or amethyst if small amounts of iron are present in them; either of the results can be obtained from natural radiation as well. [30] Pearls are irradiated to produce gray blue or gray-to-black colors. [24]

9. Amethyst - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

   Other names for green quartz are vermarine and lime citrine. Amethyst frequently shows color zoning, with the most intense color typically found at the crystal terminations. One of gem cutters' tasks is to make a finished product with even color. Sometimes, only a thin layer of a natural, uncut amethyst is violet colored, or the color is very ...