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Nauru (/ n ɑː ˈ uː r uː / nah-OO-roo [13] or / ˈ n aʊ r uː / NOW-roo; [14] Nauruan: Naoero), officially the Republic of Nauru (Nauruan: Repubrikin Naoero) and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country and microstate in Micronesia, part of the Oceania region in the Central Pacific.
Nauruan warrior, 1880. Nauru was settled by Micronesians around 3,000 years ago, and there is evidence of possible Polynesian influence. [1] Nauruans subsisted on coconut and pandanus fruit, and engaged in aquaculture by catching juvenile ibija fish, acclimated them to freshwater conditions, and raised them in Buada Lagoon, providing an additional reliable source of food. [2]
Nauruans were classified into three social classes: temonibes (senior members of senior clans), amenengames (middle class) and the itsios (serf class). [4] While temonibes and amenengames were determined at birth, itsio were usually allocated by being prisoners of war, and were often treated as goods.
The language of Nauru, Dorerin Naoero, is a Micronesian language.English is understood and spoken widely. Education is compulsory from 4 to 16, in all the schools on the island. The University of the South Pacific has a centre in Nauru located in the Aiwo District and offers pre-school teacher education, nutrition and disability studies and will offer the Community Workers Cer
Nauru is a phosphate rock island, and its primary economic activity since 1907 has been the export of phosphate mined from the island. [2] With the exhaustion of phosphate reserves, its environment severely degraded by mining, and the trust established to manage the island's wealth significantly reduced in value, the government of Nauru has ...
The main religions of Nauru are Nauru Congregational Church (35.71%) and Roman Catholic (32.96%). The literacy rate in Nauru is 96.5%. The proportion of the country's population aged 15 and over attaining academic degrees is one of the lowest in the world, reaching 7.9% in 2011.
An aerial image of Nauru in 2002 from the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program. Regenerated vegetation covers 63% of land that was mined. [3] Nauru is a raised coral atoll positioned in the Nauru Basin of the Pacific Ocean, on a part of the Pacific Plate that formed at a mid-oceanic ridge at 132 Ma.
The economy of Nauru is tiny, based on a population in 2019 of only 11,550 people. [12] The economy has historically been based on phosphate mining.