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Gravitation is a widely adopted textbook on Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, written by Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler. It was originally published by W. H. Freeman and Company in 1973 and reprinted by Princeton University Press in 2017.
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight' [1]) is a fundamental interaction primarily observed as mutual attraction between all things that have mass.Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 10 38 times weaker than the strong interaction, 10 36 times weaker than the electromagnetic force and 10 29 times weaker than the weak interaction.
The force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them: [11] Diagram of two masses attracting one another = where F is the force between the masses; G is the Newtonian constant of gravitation (6.674 × 10 −11 m 3 ⋅kg −1 ⋅s −2);
Applying Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, the sum of the forces due to the mass elements in the shaded band is d F = G m s 2 d M . {\displaystyle dF={\frac {Gm}{s^{2}}}dM.} However, since there is partial cancellation due to the vector nature of the force in conjunction with the circular band's symmetry, the leftover component (in the ...
In physics, the n-body problem is the problem of predicting the individual motions of a group of celestial objects interacting with each other gravitationally. [1] Solving this problem has been motivated by the desire to understand the motions of the Sun, Moon, planets, and visible stars.
Arthur Stanley Mackenzie in The Laws of Gravitation (1899) reviews the work done in the 19th century. [28] Poynting is the author of the article "Gravitation" in the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1911). Here, he cites a value of G = 6.66 × 10 −11 m 3 ⋅kg −1 ⋅s −2 with a relative uncertainty of 0.2%.
Both Brans–Dicke theory and general relativity are examples of a class of relativistic classical field theories of gravitation, called metric theories.In these theories, spacetime is equipped with a metric tensor, , and the gravitational field is represented (in whole or in part) by the Riemann curvature tensor, which is determined by the metric tensor.
The cover of the first volume of Gravitation as published by Gentosha in March 1996 in Japan. The chapters of Gravitation are written and illustrated by Maki Murakami. Tokyopop licensed the series for an English-language release in North America and published the twelve volumes from August 5, 2003, to July 12, 2005.