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Onchocerciasis is the second leading cause of blindness from infectious causes. Main disease symptoms, such as blindness and itching, contribute to disease burden by limiting the infected individuals' ability to live and work. Individuals most at risk live or work in areas where Simulium blackflies are most common, mostly near rivers and streams.
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
A bacterial infection can result in a mucus and pus secretion. [2] Severe cases of ophthalmia can cause blindness if not treated, especially in newborns, who contract it from the environment in the womb. [3] Treatments vary according to the nature of the cause, with minor irritations going away on their own.
(H53.6) Nyctalopia (Night blindness) — a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark (H54) Blindness — the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes (H54/B73) River blindness — blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies)
Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. [2] The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. [2] This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer surface or cornea of the eyes, and eventual blindness. [2]
Researchers have found a link between semaglutide use and NAION, a rare condition that is the second-leading cause of optic nerve blindness. (Getty Images) (Jacob Wackerhausen via Getty Images)
Cytomegalovirus retinitis, also known as CMV retinitis, is an inflammation of the retina of the eye that can lead to blindness. [1] Caused by human cytomegalovirus , it occurs predominantly in people whose immune system has been compromised, including 15-40% of those with AIDS.
According to the CDC, people should seek medical care if they have symptoms of an eye infection, including: Yellow, green or clear discharge from the eye. Eye pain or discomfort.