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Following the partition of Vietnam in 1954 at the end of the First Indochina War, more than one million North Vietnamese migrated to South Vietnam, [38] under the U.S.-led evacuation campaign named Operation Passage to Freedom, [39] with an estimated 60% of the north's one million Catholics fleeing south.
Tôn Đức Thắng was the second and final President of North Vietnam and the first President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Phạm Văn Đồng was the Prime Minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1976. Lê Đức Thọ was a Vietnamese politician who, as North Vietnam's representative, negotiated the Paris Peace Accords.
The Viet Minh at the time de facto led the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, known as "North Vietnam"; it was a league de facto led by the communists. China at the time was anti-communist and pro-Western, it was led by the Kuomintang.
Hồ's Democratic Republic of Vietnam relocated to Hanoi and became the government of North Vietnam, a Communist-led one-party state. Following the Geneva Accords, there was to be a 300-day period in which people could freely move between the two regions of Vietnam, later known as South Vietnam and North Vietnam.
Neither North Vietnam nor the U.S. were involved. In early 1975, North Vietnamese military led by General Văn Tiến Dũng launched a massive attack against the Central Highland province of Buôn Mê Thuột. South Vietnamese troops had anticipated attack against the neighboring province of Pleiku, and were caught off guard.
A highly-effective logistician, [12] he was the principal architect of the Ho Chi Minh trail, the logistical network between North and South Vietnam which is recognised as one of the 20th century's great feats of military engineering. [14] Giáp is often credited with North Vietnam's military victory over the United States and South Vietnam. [1]
The crumbling of the French colonial empire in Southeast Asia led to the formation of the states of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), the State of Vietnam (precursor of the future Republic of Vietnam, or South Vietnam), the Kingdom of Cambodia, and the Kingdom of Laos. Three agreements about French Indochina, covering Cambodia ...
The 1954 to 1959 phase of the Vietnam War was the era of the two nations. Coming after the First Indochina War, this period resulted in the military defeat of the French, a 1954 Geneva meeting that partitioned Vietnam into North and South, and the French withdrawal from Vietnam (see First Indochina War), leaving the Republic of Vietnam regime fighting a communist insurgency with USA aid.