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After cataract surgery, patients with diabetes mellitus are generally acknowledged to have an increased risk of macular edema. [12] A prior history of retinal vein occlusion was the only significant preoperative risk factor in a large retrospective series of 1659 consecutive cataract surgeries. [13]
The primary causes include post-cataract surgery, certain medications, and, less commonly, neurological or ophthalmological conditions. Post-cataract surgery is a common cause, as replacing the natural lens with a synthetic one increases exposure to blue light, leading to temporary blue-tinted vision. This effect usually resolves as the eye adapts.
This made visual rehabilitation after cataract surgery a more efficient, effective, and comfortable process. [1] Artificial IOLs, which are used to replace the eye's natural lens removed during cataract surgery, increased in popularity after the 1960s and were first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1981.
Cataract surgery by “couching” (lens depression) is one of the oldest surgical procedures. The technique involves using a sharp instrument to push the cloudy lens to the bottom of the eye. Perhaps this procedure is that which is mentioned in the articles of the Code of Hammurabi (ca. 1792–1750 BC) though it is a mere speculation.
Visual outcome after cataract surgery was close to conformity with WHO guidelines in Buenos Aires, where more than 80% of post-surgery eyes had visual acuity of 6/18 (20/60) or better, but ranged between 60% and 79% in most of the other regions, and was less than 60% in Guatemala and Peru. [129]
Endophthalmitis, or endophthalmia, is inflammation of the interior cavity of the eye, usually caused by an infection.It is a possible complication of all intraocular surgeries, particularly cataract surgery, and can result in loss of vision or loss of the eye itself. [1]
Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) is a complication that may occur during cataract extraction in certain patients. This syndrome is characterized by a flaccid iris which billows in response to ordinary intraocular fluid currents, a propensity for this floppy iris to prolapse towards the area of cataract extraction during surgery, and progressive intraoperative pupil constriction ...
PEX has been known to cause a weakening of structures within the eye which help hold the eye's lens in place, called lens zonules. [2] The literature recognizes pseudoexfoliation syndrome as a risk factor in cataract surgery. A review based on 999 eyes with pseudoexfoliation reported 156 intra- or postoperative incidents.