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Within an imperative programming language, a control flow statement is a statement that results in a choice being made as to which of two or more paths to follow. For non-strict functional languages, functions and language constructs exist to achieve the same result, but they are usually not termed control flow statements.
In computer science, control-flow analysis (CFA) is a static-code-analysis technique for determining the control flow of a program. The control flow is expressed as a control-flow graph (CFG). For both functional programming languages and object-oriented programming languages , the term CFA, and elaborations such as k -CFA, refer to specific ...
In computer science, a control-flow graph (CFG) is a representation, using graph notation, of all paths that might be traversed through a program during its execution. The control-flow graph was discovered by Frances E. Allen , [ 1 ] who noted that Reese T. Prosser used boolean connectivity matrices for flow analysis before.
Traditionally, a program is modelled as a series of operations happening in a specific order; this may be referred to as sequential, [2]: p.3 procedural, [3] control flow [3] (indicating that the program chooses a specific path), or imperative programming.
A control-flow graph of a simple program. The program begins executing at the red node, then enters a loop (group of three nodes immediately below the red node). Exiting the loop, there is a conditional statement (group below the loop) and the program exits at the blue node.
The examples above are problems in which the data-flow value is a set, e.g. the set of reaching definitions (Using a bit for a definition position in the program), or the set of live variables. These sets can be represented efficiently as bit vectors , in which each bit represents set membership of one particular element.
Activity diagrams [1] are graphical representations of workflows of stepwise activities and actions [2] with support for choice, iteration, and concurrency. In the Unified Modeling Language, activity diagrams are intended to model both computational and organizational processes (i.e., workflows), as well as the data flows intersecting with the related activities.
In the Scheme computer programming language, the procedure call-with-current-continuation, abbreviated call/cc, is used as a control flow operator. It has been adopted by several other programming languages. Taking a function f as its only argument, (call/cc f) within an expression is applied to the current continuation of the expression.