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NaK was used as the coolant in the first breeder reactor prototype, the Experimental Breeder Reactor-1, in 1951. Sodium and NaK do, however, ignite spontaneously on contact with air and react violently with water, producing hydrogen gas. This was the case at the Monju Nuclear Power Plant in a 1995 accident and fire. Sodium is also the coolant ...
Use of NaK overcomes this. The Dounreay Fast Reactor is an example. The first nuclear reactor in space, [10] [11] the United States' experimental SNAP-10A satellite, used NaK as coolant. The NaK was circulated through the core and thermoelectric converters by a liquid metal direct current conduction-type pump. [12]
Primary NaK Coolant Loop Primärkühlmittelkreislauf, mit NaK Kühlmittel 5 Secondary NaK Coolant Loop Sekundärkühlmittelkreislauf, mit NaK Kühlmittel 6 Secondary NaK Circulator Sekundärkühlmittelpumpe 7 Secondary Heat exhanger: Sekundärwärmeübertrager: 8 Primary Heat Exchanger Primärwärmeübertrager: 9 Primary NaK Circulator
Schematic diagram showing the difference between the Pool and Loop designs of a liquid metal fast breeder reactor. The two main design approaches to sodium-cooled reactors are pool type and loop type. In the pool type, the primary coolant is contained in the main reactor vessel, which therefore includes the reactor core and a heat exchanger.
A nuclear reactor coolant is a coolant in a nuclear reactor used to remove heat from the nuclear reactor core and transfer it to electrical generators and the environment. Frequently, a chain of two coolant loops are used because the primary coolant loop takes on short-term radioactivity from the reactor.
The Experimental Breeder Reactor II. Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) was a sodium-cooled fast reactor designed, built and operated by Argonne National Laboratory at the National Reactor Testing Station in Idaho. It was shut down in 1994. Custody of the reactor was transferred to Idaho National Laboratory after its founding in 2005.
Early CANDU reactors (later ones use heavy water moderator but light water coolant) DIDO class research reactors; Liquid metal cooled reactor. Since water is a moderator, it cannot be used as a coolant in a fast reactor. Liquid metal coolants have included sodium, NaK, lead, lead-bismuth eutectic, and in early reactors, mercury. Sodium-cooled ...
On the other hand, if a reactor is designed to operate with no voids at all, a large negative void coefficient may serve as a safety system. A loss of coolant in such a reactor decreases the thermal output, but of course heat that is generated is no longer removed, so the temperature could rise (if all other safety systems simultaneously failed).