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In 1939, at the start of World War II, all unmarried men aged 21 were to be called up for three months' military training. The men could serve only in Australia or its territories. Conscription was effectively introduced in mid-1942, when all men aged 18–35 and single men aged 35–45 were required to join the Citizen Military Forces (CMF).
During the first years of World War II, Australia's military strategy was closely aligned with that of the United Kingdom. In line with this, most Australian military units deployed overseas in 1940 and 1941 were sent to the Mediterranean and Middle East where they formed a key part of the Commonwealth forces in the area. The three AIF infantry ...
Australia entered World War II on 3 September 1939. On 14 September Prime Minister Robert Menzies announced that 40,000 members of the Militia would be called up for training and a 20,000-strong expeditionary force, designated the Second Australian Imperial Force, would be formed for overseas service. Like its predecessor, the Second AIF was a ...
As Leader of the Opposition and the Australian Labor Party (ALP), John Curtin voiced his opposition in Parliament to the re-introduction of conscription by the Menzies Government and reiterated ALP opposition to compulsory military service overseas. However, as Prime Minister, Curtin sought to amend the ALP platform in order to allow members of ...
During World War II many enemy aliens were interned in Australia under the National Security Act 1939. RAAF march in November 1941 City Hall filled for Soviet Aid meeting, Brisbane, October 1941 Prisoners of war were also sent to Australia from other Allied countries as were their enemy aliens for internment in Australia.
The Civil Constructional Corps (CCC) was a civilian based labour force created in Australia during World War II, designed to organise military construction works. Over 53,500 members were gathered through a combination of conscription (manpowered) and volunteers, conducting work for the Allied Works Council.
Conscription was reintroduced in 1939, in the lead up to World War II, and continued in force until 1963. Northern Ireland was exempted from conscription legislation throughout the whole period. In all, eight million men were conscripted during both World Wars, as well as several hundred thousand younger single women. [272]
The Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF, or Second AIF) was the volunteer expeditionary force of the Australian Army in the Second World War. It was formed following the declaration of war on Nazi Germany , with an initial strength of one infantry division and related auxiliary components.