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Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO. [22] It is the simplest and smallest ketone (>C=O).It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops.
Vapor pressure of acetone based on formula, = + from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. vapor pressure of acetone (log scale) based on formula, log 10 P m m H g = 7.02447 − 1161.0 224 + T {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=7.02447-{\frac {1161.0}{224+T}}} from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry , 10th ed.
Acetone and acetic anhydride ((CH 3 C(O)) 2 O) upon the addition of boron trifluoride (BF 3) catalyst: [11] (CH 3 C(O)) 2 O + CH 3 C(O)CH 3 → CH 3 C(O)CH 2 C(O)CH 3 A second synthesis involves the base-catalyzed condensation (e.g., by sodium ethoxide CH 3 CH 2 O − Na + ) of acetone and ethyl acetate , followed by acidification of the sodium ...
In aldehydes, the carbonyl is bonded to one carbon and one hydrogen and are located at the ends of carbon chains. Ketones are also distinct from other carbonyl-containing functional groups, such as carboxylic acids, esters and amides. [5] The carbonyl group is polar because the electronegativity of the oxygen is greater than that for carbon.
Deuterated acetone is prepared by the reaction of acetone with heavy water, 2 H 2 O or D 2 O, in the presence of a base. In this case, the base used is deuterated lithium hydroxide : [ 1 ] In order to fully deuterate the acetone, the process is repeated several times, distilling off the acetone from the heavy water, and re-running the reaction ...
pKa values for acetic, chloroacetic, dichloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids. Inductive effects and mesomeric effects affect the pK a values. A simple example is provided by the effect of replacing the hydrogen atoms in acetic acid by the more electronegative chlorine atom.
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IUPAC name: Common name: Structural formula Propionic acid: propanoic acid ethanecarboxylic acid CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H : Acrylic acid: propenoic acid acroleic acid ethylenecarboxylic acid