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The office was created in the North German Confederation in 1867, [3] when Otto von Bismarck became the first chancellor. With the unification of Germany and establishment of the German Empire in 1871, the Confederation evolved into a German nation-state and its leader became known as the chancellor of Germany. [4]
The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, [a] is the head of the federal government of Germany, and the commander-in-chief of the German Armed Forces during wartime. [b] The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Cabinet and heads the executive branch.
Olaf Scholz (German: [ˈoːlaf ˈʃɔlts] ⓘ; born () 14 June 1958) is a German politician who has been Chancellor of Germany since 2021. A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), he previously served as vice chancellor in the fourth Merkel cabinet and as Federal Minister of Finance from 2018 to 2021.
This is a list of chancellors of Germany by time in office from 1867 to 2021, including the Federal Republic of Germany and its predecessors. This is based on the difference between dates; if counted by number of calendar days all the figures would be one greater.
In March 2010, Infratest dimap asked 1500 people for their view of the term in office of German chancellors. The given numbers show the percentage of people agreeing with the statement that the named chancellor was a good one: [5] Helmut Schmidt – 75%; Willy Brandt – 68%; Angela Merkel – 67%; Helmut Kohl – 59%; Gerhard Schröder – 47%
Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer used the Museum Koenig for the first two months and then moved the Bundeskanzleramt into Palais Schaumburg until a new Chancellery building was completed in 1976. The new West German Chancellery building was a black structure completed in the International Style , in an unassuming example of modernism.
The Chancellor of Germany (Bundeskanzler) is the head of government in Germany. In German politics, the Bundeskanzler is equivalent to a prime minister and is elected by the Bundestag ("Federal Diet", the directly elected federal parliament) every four years on the beginning of the electoral period after general elections.
Chancellor Adolf Hitler assumed the duties of head of state as Führer and Chancellor from 1934 until his suicide in April 1945. In 1949, Germany was divided into two states. The Federal President, head of state of West Germany, became head of state for all of Germany following German reunification in 1990.