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The factorial function is a common feature in scientific calculators. [73] It is also included in scientific programming libraries such as the Python mathematical functions module [74] and the Boost C++ library. [75]
The ordinary factorial, when extended to the gamma function, has a pole at each negative integer, preventing the factorial from being defined at these numbers. However, the double factorial of odd numbers may be extended to any negative odd integer argument by inverting its recurrence relation!! = ()!! to give !! = (+)!! +.
The factorial number system is sometimes defined with the 0! place omitted because it is always zero (sequence A007623 in the OEIS). In this article, a factorial number representation will be flagged by a subscript "!". In addition, some examples will have digits delimited by a colon. For example, 3:4:1:0:1:0! stands for
The falling factorial can be extended to real values of using the gamma function provided and + are real numbers that are not negative integers: = (+) (+) , and so can the rising factorial: = (+) . Calculus
The elementary functions are constructed by composing arithmetic operations, the exponential function (), the natural logarithm (), trigonometric functions (,), and their inverses. The complexity of an elementary function is equivalent to that of its inverse, since all elementary functions are analytic and hence invertible by means of Newton's ...
Fuss–Catalan number; Central binomial coefficient; Combination; Combinatorial number system; De Polignac's formula; Difference operator; Difference polynomials; Digamma function; Egorychev method; Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem; Euler–Mascheroni constant; Faà di Bruno's formula; Factorial; Factorial moment; Factorial number system; Factorial ...
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However, the gamma function, unlike the factorial, is more broadly defined for all complex numbers other than non-positive integers; nevertheless, Stirling's formula may still be applied.