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Swedish has a large vowel inventory, with nine vowels distinguished in quality and to some degree in quantity, making 18 vowel phonemes in most dialects. Another notable feature is the pitch accent, a development which it shares with Norwegian. Swedish pronunciation of most consonants is similar to that of other Germanic languages.
The Sweden pronunciation is based primarily on Central Standard Swedish, and the Finland one on Helsinki pronunciation. Recordings and example transcriptions in this help are in Sweden Swedish, unless otherwise noted. See Swedish phonology and Swedish alphabet § Sound–spelling correspondences for a more thorough look at the sounds of Swedish.
The Swedish alphabet (Swedish: Svenska alfabetet) is a basic element of the Latin writing system used for the Swedish language. The 29 letters of this alphabet are the modern 26-letter basic Latin alphabet ( a to z ) plus å , ä , and ö , in that order. It contains 20 consonants and 9 vowels ( a e i o u y å ä ö ).
Note: The pronunciation of the tone accents varies widely between Norwegian dialects; the IPA tone accent transcriptions above reflect South-East Norwegian pronunciation (found e.g. in Oslo). There is usually also high pitch in the last syllable, but it is not transcribed here, because it belongs to the prosody of the phrase rather than the word.
The Å-sound originally had the same origin as the long /aː/ sound in German Aal and Haar (Scandinavian ål, hår).. Historically, the å derives from the Old Norse long /aː/ vowel (spelled with the letter á), but over time, it developed into an [] sound in most Scandinavian language varieties (in Swedish and Norwegian, it has eventually reached the pronunciation []).
In Swedish, phonological spelling is used for vowels, with two exceptions. The most important exception is that the two graphemes e and ä are both used to indicate /ɛ/ , and that the grapheme o is used for the phonemes /oː/ and /ɔ/ , but also for /uː/ and /ʊ/ .
Swedish lacks many common English phonemes. These are sometimes replaced by similar-sounding Swedish phonemes, or other English phonemes that are easier to pronounce. For example, when using the nearest Swedish vowels for the English words beer and bear, a native Swedish speaker might pronounce both as .
Map showing the Swedish dialects traditionally spoken. (Even the northernmost part of Sweden now speaks Swedish, and the Estonian dialects are almost extinct.) The linguistic definition of a Swedish traditional dialect , in the literature merely called 'dialect', is a local variant that has not been heavily influenced by Standard Swedish and ...
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