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In World War I 45-caliber naval gun barrels were typical, in World War II 50- to 55-caliber barrels were common, with Germany already manufacturing tank guns of 70 calibers by 1943. Today, 60- to 70-caliber barrels are not uncommon, but the latest technology has allowed shorter barrels of 55 calibers to attain muzzle velocities of 1,750 m/s ...
Adolf Gun, a Nazi German cross-channel firing gun. The formal definition of large-calibre artillery used by the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms (UNROCA) is "guns, howitzers, artillery pieces, combining the characteristics of a gun, howitzer, mortar, or rocket, capable of engaging surface targets by delivering primarily indirect fire, with a calibre of 76.2 mm (3.00 in) and above". [1]
Note that each category will include weapons that are in that general size class. Weapons of similar caliber may differ in exact caliber (i.e. 76 mm and 76.2 mm will both be under 76 mm artillery). Non metric calibers are placed within the nearest calculated metric category.
Several countries have developed and built artillery systems, while artillery itself has been continually improved and redesigned to meet the evolving needs of the battlefield. This has led to a plethora of different types and designs which have played a role in the history of warfare and continue to be a significant factor in modern combat.
By Soviet definition, a 152 mm howitzer is "medium"-caliber artillery. It was designated a "gun-howitzer" because its muzzle velocity exceeded 600 m/s, and its barrel length exceeded 30 calibers. It equipped battalions in the motor rifle division artillery regiment and army level artillery brigades.
This list of artillery catalogues types of weapons found in batteries of national armed forces' artillery units.. Some weapons used by the infantry units, known as infantry support weapons, are often misidentified as artillery weapons because of their use and performance characteristics, sometimes known colloquially as the "infantryman's artillery" [1] which has been particularly applied to ...
155 mm howitzer M1 (left) and 4.5-inch gun M1 (right) at the U.S. Army Field Artillery Museum, Ft. Sill, OK. Note the similarity between the two pieces. Note the similarity between the two pieces. The M1 equipped 16 field artillery battalions in Northwest Europe ; the 172nd, 176th, 199th, 211th, 259th, 770th through 775th, 777th, 935th, 939th ...
In the overall system, it was an intermediate caliber between the heavy 8-inch, 10-inch, and 12-inch weapons and the small 3-inch guns intended to defend minefields against minesweepers. The 5-inch gun appears to have been developed shortly before the more widely deployed 6-inch gun M1897 and its variants; many harbor defenses included both ...