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Herodian architecture is a style of classical architecture characteristic of the numerous building projects undertaken during the reign (37–4 BC) of Herod the Great, the Roman client king of Judea. Herod undertook many colossal building projects, most famously his reconstruction of the Temple in Jerusalem (c. 19 BC).
Herodion (Ancient Greek: Ἡρώδειον; Arabic: هيروديون; Hebrew: הרודיון), Herodium (), or Jabal al-Fureidis (Arabic: جبل فريديس, lit. '"Mountain of the Little Paradise"') is an ancient fortress located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Jerusalem and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southeast of Bethlehem.
Model of the Herodian Temple Mount: Temple (center), Royal Stoa (left), and Antonia Fortress (right) The central aisle had a higher ceiling than the side-aisles. [9] Light was provided by clerestory windows in the upper part of the central hall. It is also possible that an apse stood at the eastern wall of the Stoa.
Ninety percent of all archaeological finds in Jerusalem dating from the Second Temple Period are of Herodian origin. This is a testament to both the quantity and quality of Herodian construction as well as to Herod's insistence on prior removal of ancient remains in order to allow construction to take place directly on the bedrock.
The "Tower of David"—seen here from the inner courtyard of the Citadel—was built on the base of the Tower of Hippicus. Herod's palace-fortress in Jerusalem stood along the western city wall, in the area now occupied by the Armenian Quarter, starting in the north at the Kishle building and ending at the present line of the modern (Ottoman period) wall west of Zion Gate.
Archaeologists believe that the palace was built by slaves, paid workers (contractors), and architects. [2] Herod was considered one of the greatest builders of his time, and geography did not daunt him—his palace was built on the edge of the desert and was situated atop an artificial hill. [3]
The Hasmonean and Herodian royal winter palaces, or the Hasmonean and Herodian palaces at Jericho, are a complex of Hasmonean and Herodian buildings from the Second Temple period, which were discovered in the western plain of Jericho valley, at Tulul Abu el-'Alayiq, near the place where the Roman road connecting Jericho with Jerusalem enters Wadi Qelt. [1]
The Western Stone, beginning at shoulder level of the guide. The Western Stone is a monolithic ashlar (worked stone block) forming part of the lower level of the Western Wall in Jerusalem.