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The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid Sultanate.
Pope Innocent III spent a majority of his tenure as Pope (1198–1216) preparing for a great crusade on the Holy Land. His first attempt was the Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) which he decreed by the papal bull Post miserabile in 1198.
The Conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders: One of the most dramatic moments in the Fourth Crusade. Post miserabile (Latin: Sadly, after) is an encyclical issued by Pope Innocent III on 15 August 1198 calling for what would subsequently be referred to as the Fourth Crusade.
The Albigensian Crusade (French: Croisade des albigeois), also known as the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229), was a military and ideological campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, what is now southern France. The Crusade was prosecuted primarily by the French crown and promptly took on a political aspect.
Innocent IV's Crusade against Frederick II. Pope Innocent IV's Crusade against Frederick II (1248). The conflict between the pope and the emperor began with the apostolic letter Ad apostolicae dignitatis apicem in 1245 and was not resolved until Frederick's death in 1250. [288] [289] [290] Crusade against Sicily, The Crusade
Innocent IV: Orders a crusade to the Baltic lands. Repeated 1256 and 1257. [31] 1244 Impia judeorum perfidia: Stated that Jews could not hire Christian nurses. [32] 1244 (March 9) Impia gens: Ordering Talmud to be burned [33] 1245 (January 23) Terra Sancta Christi ("The holy land of Christ") Calls for a crusade to the Holy Land. [34] 1245 (March 5)
The final version of Quia maior was issued by Pope Innocent III between 19 and 29 April 1213, [4] as part of his campaign to rally all Christians to join another crusade. [5] Innocent himself was particularly influenced by the writings of Bernard of Clairvaux , whose emphasis on the connection between salvation and military service to Christ is ...
In 1208, Pierre de Castelnau, Innocent's papal legate, was murdered while returning to Rome after excommunicating Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, who, in his view, was too lenient with the Cathars. [10] Pope Innocent III then declared de Castelnau a martyr and launched the Albigensian Crusade in 1209. The nearly twenty-year campaign succeeded in ...