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Spina bifida (SB; /ˌspaɪnə ˈbɪfɪdə/, [9] Latin for 'split spine') [10] is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. [1] There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. [1]
Patient 2: white girl, 22 months old, spina bifida occulta at L5/S1. Patient 3: white girl, nine days old, with thoracolombar meningocele. 10: Sparrow DB et al. 2008: 1: Caucasian Mediterranean child with hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele, shortened thorax, ectopic and stenotic anus, and talipes associated with SCDO-4 11: Çetinkaya M et al ...
Congenital vertebral anomalies are a collection of malformations of the spine.Most, around 85%, are not clinically significant, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability.
Spina bifida occulta means hidden split spine. [20] In this type of neural tube defect, the meninges do not herniate through the opening in the spinal canal. [19] The most frequently seen form of spina bifida occulta is when parts of the bones of the spine, called the spinous process, and the neural arch appear abnormal on a radiogram, without ...
Hydrocephalus can also be caused by overproduction of CSF (relative obstruction) (e.g., choroid plexus papilloma, villous hypertrophy). [26] [27] Bilateral ureteric obstruction is a rare, but reported, cause of hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus can be classified into communicating and noncommunicating (obstructive).
[10] [57] Re-operation may be needed in up to 6.8% of patients, and possible causes of re-operation include incomplete decompression and dural scarring. [10] Other complications that are possible in surgical repair of type I Chiari malformations include an aseptic meningitis due to irritation from the dural grafts which is seen in 32% of cases.
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In tethered spinal cord cases spina bifida can be accompanied by tethering of the spinal cord but in rare cases with Spina bifida occulta. Tethering of the spinal cord tends to occur in the cases of Spina bifida with mylomeningocele. In most people the spine grows faster than the spinal cord during development which causes the end of the spinal ...