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  2. Winters's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winters's_formula

    Respiratory compensation is one of three major processes the body uses to react to derangements in acid-base status (above or below pH 7.4). It is slower than the initial bicarbonate buffer system in the blood, but faster than renal compensation. Respiratory compensation usually begins within minutes to hours, but alone will not completely ...

  3. Respiratory compensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_compensation

    Hyperventilation due to the compensation for metabolic acidosis persists for 24 to 48 hours after correction of the acidosis, and can lead to respiratory alkalosis. [3] This compensation process can occur within minutes. [4] In metabolic alkalosis, chemoreceptors sense a deranged acid-base balance with a plasma pH of greater than normal (>7.4 ...

  4. Base excess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_excess

    Base excess is defined as the amount of strong acid that must be added to each liter of fully oxygenated blood to return the pH to 7.40 at a temperature of 37°C and a pCO 2 of 40 mmHg (5.3 kPa). [2] A base deficit (i.e., a negative base excess) can be correspondingly defined by the amount of strong base that must be added.

  5. Renal compensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_compensation

    Renal compensation is a mechanism by which the kidneys can regulate the plasma pH. It is slower than respiratory compensation, but has a greater ability to restore normal values. Kidneys maintain the acid-base balance through two mechanisms: (1) the secretion of H + ions into the urine (from the blood) and (2) the reabsorption of bicarbonate ...

  6. Delta ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Ratio

    When this happens the numerator is large, the denominator is small, and the result is a delta ratio which is high (>2). This means a combined high anion gap metabolic acidosis and a pre-existing either respiratory acidosis or metabolic alkalosis (causing the high bicarbonate) – i.e. a mixed acidbase metabolic acidosis. [citation needed]

  7. Net acid excretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_acid_excretion

    In renal physiology, net acid excretion (NAE) is the net amount of acid excreted in the urine per unit time. Its value depends on urine flow rate , urine acid concentration, and the concentration of bicarbonate in the urine (the loss of bicarbonate, a buffering agent , is physiologically equivalent to a gain in acid).

  8. The 10 Best Gifts for Food Lovers, According to Professional ...

    www.aol.com/10-best-gifts-food-lovers-173000068.html

    $220 at Amazon. See at Le Creuset. 2024 F&W Best New Chef Leina Horii of Kisser in Nashville thinks that a large, seasoned cast iron skillet makes for a fantastic (albeit, heavy) holiday gift ...

  9. Arterial blood gas test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas_test

    The base excess is used for the assessment of the metabolic component of acid-base disorders, and indicates whether the person has metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis. Contrasted with the bicarbonate levels, the base excess is a calculated value intended to completely isolate the non-respiratory portion of the pH change. [16]