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A typical evaporative, forced draft open-loop cooling tower rejecting heat from the condenser water loop of an industrial chiller unit Natural draft wet cooling hyperboloid towers at Didcot Power Station (UK) Forced draft wet cooling towers (height: 34 meters) and natural draft wet cooling tower (height: 122 meters) in Westphalia, Germany Natural draft wet cooling tower in Dresden (Germany)
Cooling towers are structures for cooling water or other heat transfer media to near-ambient wet-bulb temperature. Wet cooling towers operate on the evaporative cooling principle, but are optimized to cool the water rather than the air. Cooling towers can often be found on large buildings or on industrial sites.
The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work (energy) required. [1] [2] Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs. The COP is used in thermodynamics.
The first of the cooling load factors used in this method is the CLTD, or the Cooling Load Temperature Difference. This factor is used to represent the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air with the inclusion of the heating effects of solar radiation. [1] [5] The second factor is the CLF, or the cooling load factor.
A liquid (glycol based) chiller with an air cooled condenser on the rooftop of a medium size commercial building. In air conditioning systems, chilled coolant, usually chilled water mixed with ethylene glycol, from a chiller in an air conditioning or cooling plant is typically distributed to heat exchangers, or coils, in air handlers or other types of terminal devices which cool the air in ...
2 cooling towers, base diameter of 147 m / 482 ft Cooling towers of Cattenom Nuclear Power Plant: Nuclear power plant France: Cattenom: 541 ft (165 m) 4 cooling towers, base diameter of 205 m / 673 ft Cooling towers of Dampierre Nuclear Power Plant: Nuclear power plant France: Dampierre-en-Burly: 541 ft (165 m)
Factors which determine the performance of the fan include the number and shape of the blades. Fans have many applications including in wind tunnels and cooling towers. Design parameters include power, flow rate, pressure rise and efficiency. [1] Axial fans generally comprise fewer blades (two to six) than centrifugal fans. Axial fans commonly ...
Specific spray pond surface areas tend to range between 1.2 and 1.7 m 2 per m 3 /h of water to be cooled. The width chosen for a drift channel around the active zone of the pond (containing the sprays) is dependent on a number of factors, including the prevailing wind strength, the average size of the spray droplets produced by the nozzles, and the presence of any nearby structures which may ...