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In accounting, amortization is a method of obtaining the expenses incurred by an intangible asset arising from a decline in value as a result of use or the passage of time. Amortization is the acquisition cost minus the residual value of an asset, calculated in a systematic manner over an asset's useful economic life.
That is, the mark-down in value of the asset should be recognised as an expense in the income statement every accounting period throughout the asset's useful life. [1] The useful life of the asset is determined by taking into account expected usage, physical wear and tear, technical or commercial obsolescence arising from changes in production ...
An asset depreciation at 15% per year over 20 years [1] In accountancy, depreciation is a term that refers to two aspects of the same concept: first, an actual reduction in the fair value of an asset, such as the decrease in value of factory equipment each year as it is used and wears, and second, the allocation in accounting statements of the original cost of the assets to periods in which ...
The useful life of intangible assets may be impacted by technological advances and legislation that make them obsolete as well as maintenance costs. Choose a depreciation method.
In accounting, the residual value could be defined as an estimated amount that an entity can obtain when disposing of an asset after its useful life has ended. When doing this, the estimated costs of disposing of the asset should be deducted. [5] The formula to calculate the residual value can be seen with the next example as follows:
The method and life used in depreciating an asset is an accounting method, change of which requires IRS approval. [6] Taxpayers may track the basis and accumulated depreciation of assets individually or in vintage accounts, as in the old ADR system.
Under U.S. GAAP and IFRS, goodwill is never amortized, because it is considered to have an indefinite useful life. (Private companies in the United States may elect to amortize goodwill over a period of ten years or less under an accounting alternative from the Private Company Council of the FASB.)
The Australian Accounting Standards Board included examples of intangible items in its definition of assets in Statement of Accounting Concepts number 4 (SAC 4), issued in 1995. [6] The statement did not provide a formal definition of an intangible asset, but did explain that tangibility was not an essential characteristic of an asset.