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The moment distribution method is a structural analysis method for statically indeterminate beams and frames developed by Hardy Cross. It was published in 1930 in an ASCE journal. [1] The method only accounts for flexural effects and ignores axial and shear effects.
The two equations that describe the deformation of a Timoshenko beam have to be augmented with boundary conditions if they are to be solved. Four boundary conditions are needed for the problem to be well-posed. Typical boundary conditions are: Simply supported beams: The displacement is
This beam has the same length as the real beam and has corresponding supports as listed above. In general, if the real support allows a slope, the conjugate support must develop shear; and if the real support allows a displacement, the conjugate support must develop a moment. The conjugate beam is loaded with the real beam's M/EI diagram.
The moment M1, M2, and M3 be positive if they cause compression in the upper part of the beam. (sagging positive) The deflection downward positive. (Downward settlement positive) Let ABC is a continuous beam with support at A,B, and C. Then moment at A,B, and C are M1, M2, and M3, respectively.
If, in addition, the support at A is changed to a roller support, the number of reactions are reduced to three (without H A), but the beam can now be moved horizontally; the system becomes unstable or partly constrained—a mechanism rather than a structure.
The quest for a real life tractor beam continues, with a 2-micrometer-thick silicon light bender. The silicon metasurface changes a solid beam into a triple spiral one that can pick up particles.
In the context to structural analysis, a structure refers to a body or system of connected parts used to support a load. Important examples related to Civil Engineering include buildings, bridges, and towers; and in other branches of engineering, ship and aircraft frames, tanks, pressure vessels, mechanical systems, and electrical supporting structures are important.
After solving the differential equation for the normal forces in the cover sheets for a single span beam under a given load, the energy method can be used to expand the approach for the calculation of multi-span beams. Sandwich continuous beam with flexible cover sheets can also be laid on top of each other when using this technique.