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Chloroquine retinopathy is a form of toxic retinopathy (damage of the retina) caused by the drugs chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, which are sometimes used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. This eye toxicity limits long-term use of the drugs. [3]
Eosinophilic fasciitis (/ ˌ iː ə ˌ s ɪ n ə ˈ f ɪ l ɪ k ˌ f æ ʃ i ˈ aɪ t ɪ s, ˌ iː oʊ-,-ˌ f æ s i-/ [2] [3]), also known as Shulman's syndrome, [4] is an inflammatory disease that affects the fascia, other connective tissues, surrounding muscles, blood vessels and nerves.
In autoimmune diseases like autoimmune retinopathy (AIR), the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues and cells. In AIR, the retina, a highly specialized tissue, becomes the target of this misdirected immune response. How both innate and adaptive immunity contribute to the pathogenesis of AIR is extremely important to determining the ...
Macular toxicity is related to the total cumulative dose rather than the daily dose. Regular eye screening, even in the absence of visual symptoms, is recommended to begin when either of these risk factors occurs. [22] Toxicity from hydroxychloroquine may be seen in two distinct areas of the eye: the cornea and the macula.
This article provides a list of autoimmune diseases. These conditions, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, affect a range of organs and systems within the body. Each disorder is listed with the primary organ or body part that it affects and the associated autoantibodies that are typically found in people diagnosed ...
Retinal vasculitis is inflammation of the vascular branches of the retinal artery, caused either by primary ocular disease processes, or as a specific presentation of any systemic form of vasculitis such as Behçet's disease, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, or any form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis such as temporal arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis, or ...
Dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and painful and itchy rashes — most commonly on the face, eyelids, knuckles, elbows, knees and back, according to ...
However, it may definitely be related to other diseases included in the white dot syndrome group. Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy occurs in young to middle age adults and may eventually progress to retinal cell death. Symptoms include acute visual field loss and photopsias. Suspected causes include autoimmune, viral, and fungal. [2] [5]