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A myxoma is a rare benign tumor of the heart. Myxomata are the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults, and are most commonly found within the left atrium near the valve of the fossa ovalis. Myxoma may also develop in the other heart chambers. [1] The tumor is derived from multipotent mesenchymal cells. [1]
Myxoma is a rare, benign stromal tumor of mesenchymal origin often confused with other conjunctival stromal tumors. Conjunctival myxomas are thought to originate in Tenon's capsule and can masquerade as conjunctival lymphoma, lymphangioma, ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), or amelanotic melanoma.
Carney complex and its subsets LAMB syndrome [1] and NAME syndrome [1] are autosomal dominant conditions comprising myxomas of the heart and skin, hyperpigmentation of the skin (lentiginosis), and endocrine overactivity. [2] [3] It is distinct from Carney's triad. Approximately 7% of all cardiac myxomas are associated with Carney complex. [4]
Close observation has also been suggested for cardiac tumors that are small (<1 cm) and non-mobile. [11] The malignant tumors of the heart have a worse prognosis. Cardiac sarcomas generally lead to death within 2 years of diagnosis, due to rapid infiltration of the myocardium of the heart and obstruction of the normal flow of blood within the ...
According to Mayo Clinic: "At Mayo Clinic, on average only one case of heart cancer is seen each year." [ 1 ] In a study conducted in the Hospital of the Medical University of Vienna 113 primary cardiac tumour cases were identified in a time period of 15 years with 11 being malignant.
The development of cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass techniques has reduced the mortality rates of these surgeries to relatively low ranks. For instance, repairs of congenital heart defects are currently estimated to have 4–6% mortality rates. [19] [20] A major concern with cardiac surgery is the incidence of neurological damage.
In severe cases that are difficult to control, chronic treatment with oral corticosteroids may be necessary, although this is fraught with significant side effects. COPD is generally irreversible although lung function can partially recover if the patient stops smoking. Smoking cessation is an essential aspect of treatment. [9]
John W. Kirklin at the Mayo Clinic was the first to use a Gibbon-type pump-oxygenator. [20] [22] Russell M. Nelson became the first surgeon to perform an open heart surgery in Utah in 1955. [23] Nazih Zuhdi performed the first total intentional hemodilution open-heart surgery on Terry Gene Nix, age 7, on 25 February 1960 at Mercy Hospital in ...