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Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. [2] The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. [2] This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer surface or cornea of the eyes, and eventual blindness. [2]
Types include sympathetic ophthalmia (inflammation of both eyes following trauma to one eye), gonococcal ophthalmia, trachoma or "Egyptian" ophthalmia, ophthalmia neonatorum (a conjunctivitis [4] of the newborn due to either of the two previous pathogens), photophthalmia and actinic conjunctivitis (inflammation resulting from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays), and others.
About 84 million worldwide develop C. trachomatis eye infections and 8 million are blinded as a result of the infection. [9] Trachoma is the primary source of infectious blindness in some parts of rural Africa and Asia and is a neglected tropical disease that has been targeted by the World Health Organization for elimination by 2020. [29]
Trichiasis (/ t r ɪ k i ˈ eɪ s ɪ s / trik-ee-AY-sis, / t r ɪ ˈ k aɪ ə s ɪ s / tri-KEYE-ə-sis) [1] is a medical term for abnormally positioned eyelashes that grow back toward the eye, touching the cornea or conjunctiva. This can be caused by infection, inflammation, autoimmune conditions, congenital defects, eyelid agenesis and trauma ...
Arlt's line is a characteristic finding of trachoma, an infection of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. [2] The line runs horizontally, parallel to eyelid, and is found at the junction of the anterior one third and posterior two thirds of the conjunctiva.
Congenital; Aging creating loose skin and stretched and loose ligaments and muscles (senile entropion). Scarring (mechanical entropion) Spasm; An eye infection called trachoma is still common in North Africa and South Asia and this can cause scarring of the inner eyelid, which may cause friction and entropion.
Neonatal conjunctivitis is a form of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer eye) which affects newborn babies following birth. It is typically due to neonatal bacterial infection, although it can also be non-infectious (e.g. chemical exposure). [1]
An ocular manifestation of a systemic disease is an eye condition that directly or indirectly results from a disease process in another part of the body. There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes.