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The accident triangle, also known as Heinrich's triangle or Bird's triangle, is a theory of industrial accident prevention. It shows a relationship between serious accidents, minor accidents and near misses. This idea proposes that if the number of minor accidents is reduced then there will be a corresponding fall in the number of serious ...
Traffic collision reconstruction is the process of investigating, analyzing, and drawing conclusions about the causes and events during a vehicle collision. . Reconstructionists conduct collision analysis and reconstruction to identify the cause of a collision and contributing factors including the role of the driver(s), vehicle(s), roadway and gen
The history of the accident is reconstructed and checked for consistency and plausibility. This is also where the use of analysis methods can come into play. Hierarchy of Controls from NIOSH; Conclusion Drawing: If the accident history is sufficiently informative, conclusions can be drawn. These conclusions can be firm findings that were direct ...
In this special case, we use the Triangular Fundamental Diagram (TFD) with three parameters: free flow speed , wave velocity -w and maximum density (see Figure 1). Additionally, we will consider a long study period where traffic past upstream detector (U) is unrestricted and traffic past downstream detector (D) is restricted so that waves from ...
A warning triangle is, together with warning lights, used in order to secure a traffic accident site. The legal rules in the individual states partly order a warning triangle to be brought in the vehicle (in Germany according to § 53a StVZO). The warning triangle consists of three reflective beams, similar to a cat's eye, and a stable foot.
In congested traffic, the vehicle speed is lower than the lowest vehicle speed encountered in free flow, i.e., the line with the slope of the minimal speed = in free flow (dotted line in Figure 2) divides the empirical data on the flow-density plane into two regions: on the left side data points of free flow and on the right side data points ...
The method also promotes a systemic view of accident causation as the AcciMap diagram extends well beyond the most immediate causes of the event to reveal the full range of higher-level factors that contributed to the outcome (or failed to prevent it from occurring).
Autonomous: the system acts independently of the driver to avoid or mitigate the accident. Emergency: the system will intervene only in a critical situation. Braking: the system tries to avoid the accident by applying the brakes. Time-to-collision could be a way to choose which avoidance method (braking or steering) is most appropriate. [13]