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In class-based, object-oriented programming, a constructor (abbreviation: ctor) is a special type of function called to create an object. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments that the constructor uses to set required member variables.
Object handling was completely rewritten for PHP 5, expanding the feature set and enhancing performance. [42] In previous versions of PHP, objects were handled like primitive types. [42] The drawback of this method was that the whole object was copied when a variable was assigned or passed as a parameter to a method.
In previous versions of PHP, objects were handled like value types. [230] The drawback of this method was that code had to make heavy use of PHP's "reference" variables if it wanted to modify an object it was passed rather than creating a copy of it. In the new approach, objects are referenced by handle, and not by value. [citation needed]
According to Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software: "Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses." [2] Creating an object often requires complex processes not appropriate to include within a composing object.
Sometimes objects represent more abstract entities, like an object that represents an open file, or an object that provides the service of translating measurements from U.S. customary to metric. Objects can contain other objects in their instance variables; this is known as object composition. For example, an object in the Employee class might ...
Encapsulate creating and assembling the parts of a complex object in a separate Builder object. A class delegates object creation to a Builder object instead of creating the objects directly. A class (the same construction process) can delegate to different Builder objects to create different representations of a complex object.
In object-oriented programming, object copying is creating a copy of an existing object, a unit of data in object-oriented programming. The resulting object is called an object copy or simply copy of the original object. Copying is basic but has subtleties and can have significant overhead.
Dependency Injection pattern: a class accepts the objects it requires from an injector instead of creating the objects directly; Lazy initialization pattern: tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive process until the first time it is needed