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Tazobactam is a pharmaceutical drug that inhibits the action of bacterial β-lactamases, especially those belonging to the SHV-1 and TEM groups. It is commonly used as its sodium salt , tazobactam sodium.
Typically, this drug is not given through a rapid injection because the solution has high osmolality, which means it has a high concentration of particles; still, in emergency situations, it is possible to administer the drug through a rapid injection into a vein: despite the high osmolality, studies have shown that this method of ...
Tazobactam, usually combined with piperacillin (Zosyn, Tazocin) Enmetazobactam, usually combined with cefepime ; β-lactamase inhibitors with a diazabicyclooctane core: Avibactam, approved in combination with ceftazidime (Avycaz, Zavicefta), currently undergoing clinical trials for combination with ceftaroline
pentoxyfylline – xanthine derivative used in as an antiinflammatory drug and in the prevention of endotoxemia; pergolide – dopamine receptor agonist used for the treatment of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses; phenobarbital – anti-convulsant used for seizures; phenylbutazone – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
Similar to penicillins and cephalosporins, carbapenems are members of the beta-lactam antibiotics drug class, which kill bacteria by binding to penicillin-binding proteins, thus inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. However, these agents individually exhibit a broader spectrum of activity compared to most cephalosporins and penicillins.
Piperacillin is a broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the ureidopenicillin class. [1] The chemical structure of piperacillin and other ureidopenicillins incorporates a polar side chain that enhances penetration into Gram-negative bacteria and reduces susceptibility to cleavage by Gram-negative beta lactamase enzymes.
[18] [19] Tazobactam is partially metabolized to an inactive metabolite, and both drug and metabolite are excreted in the urine (80% as unchanged drug). [ 20 ] The half-life of ceftolozane is 2.5–3.0 hours, and the half-life of tazobactam is approximately 1.0 hour; the clearance of both drugs is directly proportional to renal function.
The extended-spectrum penicillins are a group of antibiotics that have the widest antibacterial spectrum of all penicillins. [1] Some sources identify them with antipseudomonal penicillins, [2] others consider these types to be distinct. [3]