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Thus, if there is a question of papilledema on fundoscopic examination or if the optic disc cannot be adequately visualized, ultrasound can be used to rapidly assess for increased intracranial pressure and help direct further evaluation and intervention. Unilateral papilledema can suggest a disease in the eye itself, such as an optic nerve glioma.
In children, a low heart rate is especially suggestive of high ICP. [ citation needed ] Intracranial hypertension syndrome is characterized by an elevated ICP, papilledema , and headache with occasional abducens nerve paresis , absence of a space-occupying lesion or ventricular enlargement, and normal cerebrospinal fluid chemical and ...
Cavalcanti et al. (2007) concluded that a phenotype resembling AMS is a rare clinical expression of Fraser syndrome, with no obvious genotype/phenotype correlation. [ 11 ]
In children, numerous nonspecific signs and symptoms may be present. [7] The increased pressure leads to compression and traction of the cranial nerves, a group of nerves that arise from the brain stem and supply the face and neck. Most commonly, the abducens nerve (sixth nerve) is involved. This nerve supplies the muscle that pulls the eye ...
The impediment of venous return causes visible changes in the eye fundus (venous engorgement, and papilledema, i.e. swelling and elevation of the optic nerve disc) that can be observed with an ophthalmoscope and have therefore been used by clinicians for more than a century as signs of increased ICP. Quantitative assessment of ICP can be made ...
Clinical localization of brain tumors may be possible by virtue of specific neurologic deficits or symptom patterns. Tumor at the base of the frontal lobe produces inappropriate behavior, optic nerve atrophy on the side of the tumor, and papilledema of the contralateral eye; anosmia on the side of the tumor may be found in certain cases of ...
It is used to find papilledema which is sometimes the only symptom of elevated intracranial pressure shown in these children. [ 57 ] Other parts of the physical examination include the measurement of the head circumference, the assessment of the skull deformity and the search for deformities affecting other parts of the body. [ 17 ]
Children who have had their intracranial pressure elevated for a long time may come with symptoms such papilledema, optic atrophy, and vision loss that may not improve after surgery. [32] Some may experience postoperative convulsions, bleeding, and cognitive impairments. [19] [33] Additionally, reports of postoperative CSF rhinorrhea have been ...