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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a decline in cognitive function (especially in memory and executive functions) that may last from 1–12 months after surgery, or longer. [1] In some cases, this disorder may persist for several years after major surgery. [2] POCD is distinct from emergence delirium. Its causes are under ...
Perioperative mortality has been defined as any death, regardless of cause, occurring within 30 days after surgery in or out of the hospital. [1] Globally, 4.2 million people are estimated to die within 30 days of surgery each year. [2]
Nausea and vomiting can be extremely distressing for patients, and so is one of their major concerns. [10] Vomiting has been associated with major complications, such as pulmonary aspiration of gastric content, and might endanger surgical outcomes after certain procedures, for example after maxillofacial surgery with wired jaws.
The film explores the experiences of eight patients following major heart surgery, describing their experiences with postperfusion syndrome. The filmmaker Andrew Pike experienced pumphead himself, following open-heart surgery in 2011. [8]
The reason for the patients' catabolic response was not understood at the time, but later attention was turned to the stress reaction caused by the surgery. [39] [40] The evolutionary background is believed to be that a wounded animal increases its chance of survival by using stored energy reserves. The stress reaction thus initiates a ...
There is good evidence that POCD occurs after cardiac surgery and the major reason for its occurrence is the formation of microemboli. POCD also appears to occur in non-cardiac surgery. Its causes in non-cardiac surgery are less clear but older age is a risk factor for its occurrence. [2]: 2805–16
Chemical injury can occur if cleaning solutions such as povidone-iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine or alcohol are inadvertently spilt into the eye, for example when the face, neck or shoulder is being prepped for surgery. [4] [1] Therefore, the anaesthetist ensures that the eyes are fully closed and remain closed throughout the procedure.
The major complications include hemorrhage (1–2%) and infection (3–5%). [79] The potential exists for neuropsychiatric side effects after DBS, including apathy, hallucinations, hypersexuality, cognitive dysfunction, depression, and euphoria.