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The iron had gained a little over 1% in mass from the carbon in the charcoal, and had become heterogeneous bars of blister steel. The bars were then shortened, bound, heated and forge welded together to become shear steel. It would be cut and re welded multiple times, with each new weld producing a more homogeneous, higher quality steel.
Cementation of copper is a common example. Copper ions in solution, often from an ore leaching process, are precipitated out of solution in the presence of solid iron. The iron oxidizes, and the copper ions are reduced through the transfer of electrons. The reaction is spontaneous because copper is higher on the galvanic series than iron.
Rebar detailing is the discipline of preparing 'shop/placing' or 'fabrication' drawings or shop drawings of steel reinforcement for construction.. Engineers prepare 'design drawings' that develop required strengths by applying rebar size, spacing, location, and lap of steel.
A sleever bar is a steel alloy bar used to pry on beams to put them in place, when a spud wrench is insufficient. A beater is forged steel head mallet with a lacquered hickory handle for beating a tapered pin or bull pin into the bolt hole to align the others at the beam end or "point" and stuff the rest of the holes.
Ferrocement or ferro-cement [1] is a system of construction using reinforced mortar [2] or plaster (lime or cement, sand, and water) applied over an "armature" of metal mesh, woven, expanded metal, or metal-fibers, and closely spaced thin steel rods such as rebar. The metal commonly used is iron or some type of steel, and the mesh is made with ...
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Cementation (medical), a small deposit of calcium, similar to a cyst; Cementation (metallurgy), a process in which ions are reduced to zero valence at a solid metallic interface; Cementation process, an obsolete technique for making steel by carburization of iron; Carburization, a process for surface hardening of low-carbon steel
His products were all of cast iron, though his immediate successors attempted (with little commercial success) to fine this to bar iron. [93] Bar iron thus continued normally to be made with charcoal pig iron until the mid-1750s. In 1755 Abraham Darby II (with partners) opened a new coke-using furnace at Horsehay in Shropshire, and this was ...