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An adult body has 22–26 grams of magnesium, [15] [113] with 60% in the skeleton, 39% intracellular (20% in skeletal muscle), and 1% extracellular. [15] Serum levels are typically 0.7–1.0 mmol/L or 1.8–2.4 mEq /L. Serum magnesium levels may be normal even when intracellular magnesium is deficient.
Magnesium (12 Mg) naturally occurs in three stable isotopes: 24 Mg, 25 Mg, and 26 Mg. There are 19 radioisotopes that have been discovered, ranging from 18 Mg to 40 Mg (with the exception of 39 Mg). The longest-lived radioisotope is 28 Mg with a half-life of 20.915(9) h.
For example, a neutral chlorine atom has 17 protons and 17 electrons, whereas a Cl − anion has 17 protons and 18 electrons for a total charge of −1. All atoms of a given element are not necessarily identical, however. The number of neutrons may vary to form different isotopes, and energy levels may differ, resulting in different nuclear ...
The energy required to detach an electron in its lowest energy state from an atom or molecule of a gas with less net electric charge is called the ionization potential, or ionization energy. The nth ionization energy of an atom is the energy required to detach its nth electron after the first n − 1 electrons have already been detached.
The adiabatic ionization energy of a molecule is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral molecule, i.e. the difference between the energy of the vibrational ground state of the neutral species (v" = 0 level) and that of the positive ion (v' = 0). The specific equilibrium geometry of each species does not ...
It is prevented from having a stable isotope with 4 protons and 6 neutrons by the very large mismatch in proton/neutron ratio for such a light element. (Nevertheless, beryllium-10 has a half-life of 1.36 million years, which is too short to be primordial , but still indicates unusual stability for a light isotope with such an imbalance.)
The table of food sources of magnesium suggests many dietary sources of magnesium. "Hard" water can also provide magnesium, but "soft" water contains less of the ion. Dietary surveys do not assess magnesium intake from water, which may lead to underestimating total magnesium intake and its variability.
118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC. A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [1]