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Basidiolichen mycobionts consist of 172 known species (0.9% of the total number of accepted lichen species) across 15 genera, 5 families, and 5 orders within the class Agaricomycetes in the fungal division Basidiomycota. [1]
Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. [4] However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual ...
Echigoshirayukidake (Japanese: 越後白雪茸), commonly called Basidiomycetes-X or BDM-X, is a sclerotium of Ceraceomyces tessulatus. It is classified as a basidiomycete because of its beak-shaped processes (Clamp connections). It does not form basidia and only forms sclerotia (hyphal masses) when cultured. In these respects, BDM-X is ...
The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores.In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some cells develop into sterile cells called cystidia (basidiomycetes) or paraphyses (ascomycetes).
Diagram showing a basidiomycete mushroom, gill structure, and spore-bearing basidia on the gill margins. A basidium (pl.: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group.
A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed. These bones form in tendons (the sheaths of tissue that connect bones to muscles) where a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint. The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them overcome compressive forces.
All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi.
In addition to having septate basidia, heterobasidiomycetes also frequently possess large irregularly shaped sterigmata and spores that are capable of self-replication – a process where a spore, instead of germinating into a vegetative hypha, gives rise to a sterigma and a new spore, which is then discharged as if from a normal basidium.