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Many definitions of joint manipulation have been proposed. [1] The most rigorous definition, based on available empirical research is that of Evans and Lucas: [2] "Separation (gapping) of opposing articular surfaces of a synovial joint, caused by a force applied perpendicularly to those articular surfaces, that results in cavitation within the synovial fluid of that joint."
Other strapping techniques. Several different strapping techniques exist for immobilizing the torso so that the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral sections of the spine are supported with spinal motion restriction. [3] [5] One method calls for three separate straps: one at the level of the chest, one at the hip/pelvis, and one across the legs. [1]
The technique, as it is applied today, is largely attributed to the work of Joe Janse [11] [12] Diversified is the most common spine manipulation technique used by chiropractors, with approximately 96% of chiropractors using it for approximately 70% of their patients.
Spinal manipulation is a therapeutic intervention that has roots in folk medicine such as the traditional bone-setting and has been used by various cultures, apparently for thousands of years. Hippocrates, the "father of medicine" used manipulative techniques, [43] as did the ancient Egyptians and many other cultures. [44]
Spinal adjustments were among many chiropractic techniques invented in the 19th century by Daniel David Palmer, the founder of chiropractic. [6] Claims made for the benefits of spinal adjustments range from temporary, palliative (pain relieving) effects to long term wellness and preventive care.
Passive accessory intervertebral movements (PAIVM) refers to a spinal physical therapy assessment and treatment technique developed by Geoff Maitland. The purpose of PAIVM is to assess the amount and quality of movement at various intervertebral levels, and to treat pain and stiffness of the cervical and lumbar spine.
A 2008 randomised controlled trial by Reid et al. suggested a statistically significant correlation between SNAGS treatment and reduced dizziness, cervical pain and disability caused by cervical dysfunction, [4] whilst another randomised controlled trial in 2007 by Hall et al. suggested that a self-sustained C1-C2 SNAG technique was effective ...
The McKenzie method is a technique primarily used in physical therapy.It was developed in the late 1950s by New Zealand physiotherapist Robin McKenzie. [1] [2] [3] In 1981 he launched the concept which he called "Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT)" – a system encompassing assessment, diagnosis and treatment for the spine and extremities.