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  2. Woodward's rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodward's_rules

    With the aid of these rules the UV absorption maximum can be predicted, for example in these two compounds: [8] In the compound on the left, the base value is 214 nm (a heteroannular diene). This diene group has 4 alkyl substituents (labeled 1,2,3,4) and the double bond in one ring is exocyclic to the other (adding 5 nm for an exocyclic double ...

  3. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_photoelectron...

    With this source, Turner's group obtained an energy resolution of 0.02 eV. Turner referred to the method as "molecular photoelectron spectroscopy", now usually "ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy" or UPS. As compared to XPS, UPS is limited to energy levels of valence electrons, but measures them more accurately.

  4. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet–visible...

    UV-Vis can be used to monitor structural changes in DNA. [8] UV-Vis spectroscopy is routinely used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of diverse analytes or sample, such as transition metal ions, highly conjugated organic compounds, and biological macromolecules. Spectroscopic analysis is commonly carried out in ...

  5. Isosbestic point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isosbestic_point

    When an isosbestic plot is constructed by the superposition of the absorption spectra of two species (whether by using molar absorptivity for the representation, or by using absorbance and keeping the same molar concentration for both species), the isosbestic point corresponds to a wavelength at which these spectra cross each other.

  6. Spectrophotometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrophotometry

    This method requires a spectrophotometer capable of measuring in the UV region with quartz cuvettes. [3]: 135 Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy involves energy levels that excite electronic transitions. Absorption of UV-vis light excites molecules that are in ground-states to their excited-states. [5]

  7. Optical spectrometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_spectrometer

    In modern spectrographs in the UV, visible, and near-IR spectral ranges, the spectrum is generally given in the form of photon number per unit wavelength (nm or μm), wavenumber (μm −1, cm −1), frequency (THz), or energy (eV), with the units indicated by the abscissa.

  8. UV-Vis absorption spectroelectrochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV-Vis_absorption_spectro...

    It is the link between the electrochemistry and the UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. [3] Devices to conduct the radiation beam: lenses, mirrors and/or optical fibers. The last ones conduct electromagnetic radiation over great distances with hardly any losses.

  9. Molecular orbital theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_orbital_theory

    Molecular orbital theory is used to interpret ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS). Changes to the electronic structure of molecules can be seen by the absorbance of light at specific wavelengths.