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The mental foramen descends slightly in toothless individuals. [2]The mental foramen is in line with the longitudinal axis of the 2nd premolar in 63% of people. [3] It generally lies at the level of the vestibular fornix and about a finger's breadth above the inferior border of the mandible.
A basilar skull fracture typically requires a significant degree of trauma to occur. [1] It is defined as a fracture of one or more of the temporal, occipital, sphenoid, frontal or ethmoid bone. [1] Basilar skull fractures are divided into anterior fossa, middle fossa and posterior fossa fractures. [1] Facial fractures often also occur. [1]
MRI is also superior for pituitary imaging. [20] It may however be less effective at identifying early cerebritis. [21] In the case of a concussion, an MRI should be avoided unless there are progressive neurological symptoms, focal neurological findings or concern of skull fracture on exam. [22]
If there is concern about a skull fracture, focal neurological symptoms present or worsening symptoms, then CT imaging may be useful. [4] MRI may be useful for people whose symptoms worsen over time or when structural pathology is suspected. [4] CT of the head is sometimes used for people who have sudden hearing loss. [5]
Waters' view (also known as the occipitomental view or parietoacanthial projection) is a radiographic view of the skull. It is commonly used to get a better view of the maxillary sinuses. An x-ray beam is angled at 45° to the orbitomeatal line. The rays pass from behind the head and are perpendicular to the radiographic plate.
A glomus jugulare tumor is a tumor of the part of the temporal bone in the skull that involves the middle and inner ear structures. This tumor can affect the ear, upper neck, base of the skull, and the surrounding blood vessels and nerves. A glomus jugulare tumor grows in the temporal bone of the skull, in an area called the jugular foramen.
A computed tomography (CT) of the face and skull is the imaging of choice for diagnosing Le Fort fractures. [5] [7] CT imaging has greatly replaced the use of plain x-ray as CTs are significantly more likely to show when a fracture is present compared to an x-ray. [7] Additionally, CT imaging is far more useful in visualizing the skeletal ...
The posterior cranial fossa is the part of the cranial cavity located between the foramen magnum, and tentorium cerebelli. It is formed by the sphenoid bones, temporal bones, and occipital bone. It lodges the cerebellum, and parts of the brainstem.