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The irises of human eyes exhibit a wide spectrum of colours. Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris [1] [2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.
This is due to a mutation of the genes that determine melanin distribution at the 8-HTP pathway, which usually only become corrupted due to chromosomal homogeneity. [3] Though common in some breeds of cats, dogs, cattle and horses due to inbreeding, heterochromia is uncommon in humans, affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the United States ...
Mutations in a single copy of SNAI2 have also been found to cause patches of hair depigmentation without any other symptoms. [25] Type 2E is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the gene SOX10. [4] Rarely, a mutation in a gene other than those currently known may be responsible for a Waardenburg syndrome with features of type 2.
Hans Eiberg (born 8 April 1945) is a Danish geneticist, known for his discovery of the genetic mutation causing blue eyes.. Hans Eiberg graduated as a M.Sc. in 1970. He has worked with genetics at the Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Genetics of Copenhagen University since 1971, and became an associate professor at the institute in 1975.
OCA2 encodes the human homologue of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. In human, the OCA2 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 15 between positions 12 and 13.1. The human OCA2 gene is located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 15, specifically from base pair 28,000,020 to base pair 28,344,457 on chromosome 15.
Close-up of a trichromatic in-line shadow mask CRT display, which creates most visible colors through combinations and different levels of the three primary colors: red, green and blue Trichromacy or trichromatism is the possession of three independent channels for conveying color information, derived from the three different types of cone ...
Colors of confusion include blue/purple and green/yellow. [2] Deuteranopia is a severe form of red-green color blindness, in which the M-cone is absent. It is sex-linked and affects about 1% of males. Color vision is very similar to protanopia. [2] Tritanopia is a severe form of blue-yellow color blindness, in which the S-cone is absent. It is ...
The original Martin scale, summarized below, consists of 16 colors (from light blue to dark brown-black) that correspond to the different eye colors observed in nature due to the amount of melanin in the iris. The numbering is reversed in order to match the Martin–Schultz scale, which is still used in biological anthropology. In this case ...